Happy Feet, unhappy ending?
WAYNE LINKLATER
Relevant offers
Comment
OPINION:
You're out walking through forest or along a beach. You find an injured bird. Maybe you find many, maybe thousands, like residents of the Kapiti Coast did recently when a southerly storm delivered a "prion wreck" to our shores. What should you do?
The prion-wreck last month was a natural event. Prion-wrecks occur every 10-30 years or so, although this was a big one. Most were broad-billed prions and New Zealand is home to more than a million of them. They are also common in Argentina, Australia, Falkland Islands, Peru, South Africa and many of the islands in between.
Emperor penguins, like Happy Feet who recently stole our hearts and "swallowed" our cash, are also remarkably common in the wild with an enormous range across Antarctica. These species are not rare, vulnerable or endangered. The International Union for the Conservation of Nature lists them as of 'least concern'.
Related story: Happy Feet's priceless publicity
Most of the prions were found dead. Some of the thousands alive were rescued only to die soon after. Hundreds were delivered to rescue centres. Many more died there. A minority will survive their rescue to be released.
Then what? How many will survive the release? Of those few that survive, how many will breed and so contribute to the future of their species? Probably just a few. Is the conservation outcome worth the investment? Conservation scientists don't think so. They are uninterested in the practice because its contribution to solving our world's conservation crisis is trivial.
When researchers from Deakin University asked 134 bird experts from Australia and New Zealand what they thought were the most pressing conservation priorities, bird rescue and rehabilitation did not even make the list of 29 priorities.
New Zealand has many bird rehabilitation centres - 34 are listed online. Those doing the work may not realise that they are doing far less good than they would like.
Just a few birds, if any, survive to breed. Rescue and rehabilitation can also do more harm than good because released birds that survive but never breed use the resources of those that might. Diseases carried by just a few into rehabilitation centres can spread to many others, especially among individuals already weakened by their ordeal.
Released birds may take the disease back into the wild to expose otherwise healthy birds in greater numbers.
Many centres also release non-native birds - competitors and killers of our native plants and animals - a most bizarre contradiction of the conservation ethic.
Wildlife rescues distract our attention from the real conservation issues: habitat loss, invading exotic species and pollution of our air, soils and waters.
Evidence suggests that not only are rehabilitation efforts wasteful and misplaced, the enormous resources invested would be better spent protecting and restoring habitat, and controlling introduced predators such as rats, possums and cats. Such actions are more likely to benefit New Zealand's native species in the long term. The $30,000 spent rehabilitating Happy Feet would support the restoration of a wetland or forest remnant, for example, providing habitat to many species, not just a single bird.
Rehabilitating prions or an emperor penguin is unlikely to change the future for either species. Even where a native bird warrants rehabilitation because it is extremely rare, such that the need for every individual is desperate, its release will not address the reasons for the species' perilous existence. Solving the world's extinction crisis will not come from rescuing and releasing individuals back into pest-infested and declining habitats. Successful pest control and habitat protection and restoration, on the other hand, reduces the need for costly and risky rehabilitation.
We need to be honest with ourselves. Bird rehabilitation can too easily become an exercise in self-promotion, not conservation. Generating a media profile carries many benefits for them and so they typically don't ask the tough questions, but we need to. We need to know how many rescued birds survive to breed after release so that we can know when the effort and cost is justified. Armed with this information, we can decide which injured birds to euthanise and which to rescue.
The Conservation Department publishes a guide to native bird rehabilitation to meet the demands of potentially thousands of people countrywide who devote well-meant hours and considerable collective resources to the rescue, recovery and release of birds.
What that guide does not do is give advice about which birds require rescue because they are very rare and those for which species rescue should not be attempted because it might do more harm than good or divert resources from more pressing priorities.
We need a smarter approach to wildlife rehabilitation guided by research and the conservation realities.
Unfortunately, rehabilitation success is rarely measured or reported. The outcome of bird rescue and rehabilitation, especially in terms of bird survival to breed in the wild, needs to be measured. If organisations continue to invest in this practice, then they need to also be investing in post-release monitoring so we can learn from the experience.
I predict few injured birds will warrant the costs of rehabilitation when their low chances of breeding after release are known.
When trying to prove me wrong, be prepared for monitoring of birds after release that will be costly, time- consuming, frequently fail and, therefore, seldom be useful. But persist because our rehabilitation efforts need to be informed by evidence of benefits.
The media coverage about Happy Feet's rescue and care deceives us into believing that wildlife rehabilitation is about conservation, but it is often not. Much bird rehabilitation is unjustified, might even be counter-productive, and not motivated by conservation.
Helping is not always best for the birds.
Next time, before you hand a bird over to a rehabilitation centre, make an informed judgment with the help of local veterinary and conservation expertise about whether the bird is worth rescuing or better humanely destroyed.
We mean well when we rescue a bird, but doing well requires informed decisions. Sometimes the right decision is to kill. In the interests of rescuing our planet, we need to think beyond the injured bird on the beach and instead lift our eyes and collective actions to the distant horizon.
Wayne Linklater is a senior lecturer at the Centre for Biodiversity and Restoration Ecology, Victoria University.
- © Fairfax NZ News
Sponsored links
Rather than complain it would have been more producttive to catch the public spirit and guide it in the right direction to be even more productive. Instead the author has completely thrown away such an opportunity.
Researchers asking other researchers what the priorities are is all well and good but I, and my money in my pocket, still does not even know what they are. It's this sort of public failure yet again which makes people just say scientists sometimes live in ivory towers.
What an interesting debate - here is my take on it from a keen conservationist in England.....
If, as human beings, we ain to do only what is "Sensible" and "Right" then we have to start questioning much that we hold dear. Where is the sense in sitting and watching a sunset - would it not be better to do some overtime and devote the money to chartity? What was Beethoven thinking of spending all that time writing his symphonies when he could have been out helping the poor? How can it be sensible to spend time and money learning to hit a golf ball or watch a rugby match when all the effort could be put into doing good in the world. The answer to all these questions is that as the human race deserves some fun!
One last thought to try and put the the debate into perspective - there are infinitely more people in the UK who have heard of Happy Feet the "New Zealand Penguin" than have heard of Wayne Linklater, the senior lecturer at the Centre for Biodiversity and Restoration Ecology, Victoria University. There must be a lesson in there somewhere!
The author has totally missed the point. Rescuing this particular penguin was not "about" saving a living organism from extinction: it was just a normal animal rescue. Any animal rescue organisation will tell you: once you start you don't stop. Vast amounts are spent around the planet on rescuing kittens from drains, dogs from locked houses, cows from ditches etc etc etc. And cats and dogs are certainly not endangered species!! This whole penguin adventure brings back to the forefront of peoples' consciousness the need to protect other species, and the need to be quicker to seek information on the best way to deal with animals that are stranded. It took 4 days for this bird to be rescued, 4 days during which it was swallowing sand - hence the medical treatment. People will know better and act faster next time. That will save money. As a species humans can be very slow to learn, so media exposure speeds the process. Next time it could be 100 displaced penguins.You never know.
Human beings are not on any list of endagered species - far from it - yet the sums that we lavish upon oursleves are disproportionate to our needs (or at least, in regard to those of those of us who are fortunate enough not to live in the 'developing world'). In fact, we are akin to a blight upon our planet and our deeds are all that we have to salvage ourselves. At least actions like this - showing compassion when 'reason' may suggest another course of (in)action - shows how some of us try to add value to our world. Shame on you.
I don't think it's helpful to criticize people's efforts to rescue and rehabilitate wildlife. I think it would have been more helpful had professor Linklater used this opportunity to write about what individual humans can do to conserve the natural resources of this precious planet. Habitat loss, invading exotic species, pollution of air, soil and water are all caused by humans. If he's a conservation expert, use this opportunity to teach us how to conserve and save this planet for all life on earth. The thousands of dollars spent on rescuing "Happy Feet" exist in the first place because people donated them specifically to save "Happy Feet" and it's their choice how they want to spend their money. If HF hadn't swum onto Peka Peka beach the money to rescue him would not have been donated so it's a moot point to argue that it could have been put to better use. People donated to save HF specifically, not towards anything else. HF brought joy to thousands of people, many of them children and that's priceless in my humble opinion. The world would be a sad place if no individual wildlife is rescued because it's more important and worthy to keep our eyes and efforts only on solving the big issues alone. Where's the humanity in that? In order to save the natural resources of this planet, the cooperation and agreement of every person, corporation, and government will be required. Good luck to professor Linklater and to us all for we'll need lots of it to achieve that!
Wait so let me get this straight, just because the animal is not endangered, we're supposed to ignore it and let it suffer? I will agree that nature reserves definitely need more money, but suggesting that we ignore a hurt animal of any kind to obtain such funds is not going to help your cause.
I am glad there are more crazy, emotional folks in New Zealand than Dr. Linklaters. Before I go out and cull some human beings (not an endangered species) - no, I would never do that, really, Happy Feet unwittingly has probably done more to make people, children especially, aware of the world around us than our dear Dr. Linklater is entitled to parsimonious with his own cash; he has no right to dictate how others spend it, number 1. Secondly, on the 'scientific' and 'rational' front. Do we know ALL there is to know about Emperor penguins? I am deeply interested in biodiversity and understand there are many endangered species but saving one attractive bird does not stop us caring or doing ecological good for other creatures, less attractive to humans. Happy Feet may well sow seed that will save, in Linklater's eyes, more deserving cases. I think God loves all creatures and does not walk the earth with a calculator in his hand.
Dmitry #42 , your comment is particularly offensive. Are you saying the value of an animal life is the same as the value of a human life? And that $30,000 is as equally well-spent on a bird as it is on a human? That's some odd 'rationalising'.
KiwiCanuck #40, are alcoholism and cigarette smoking diseases? As to what diseases, what about bird flu?
On a different note, Linklater raises some valid points that that the other news sources haven't covered. Interesting to see some of the more rationale counterpoints in the comments sections.
I have to say that logically, what Wayne says makes sense. The many outweigh the few. Rehabilitating a single penguin when that money could be put towards helping bunches of other endangered species isn't as smart and sensible as the dopamine in your brain makes it feel.
Human safety priority over heritage
Council seeks massive cost cuts
Carterton balloon was not airworthy
Morgue water arts show axed after iwi opposition
Bret's McKenzie's biggest fans
Car crashes into parking meter
Transmission Gully could make traffic worse
Warning for gales in Wellington
Kapiti tenpin bowler scores perfect game
Carterton tragedy: Safety chief would refuse balloon ride
Major courts overhaul proposed
Foreign Affairs Ministry confirms 305 jobs to go
Mob cancels star's performance
Kiwis not up with online security
Helena Bonham Carter 'honoured'
New hope for kiwifruit growers
Gender non-conformity linked to abuse
Nelsen cleared to lead NZ against Jamaica
Robinson starts for Chiefs against old team
Man's childhood comic collection fetches $4.2m
What do you think of the planned price increase for rubbish bags?
Newest First
Oldest First
Pathetic. More concern with money that does not belong to the pathetic scientist because it went to save the life of a species that is not endangered. And where is your humanity? There is an example of why we do not give money to idiots like these.They are morons to start with. They have no humanity, and frankly do not care about anything but their own projects and their own pockets. People like Kusler should beware. Someday the many's needs will outweigh her own. What are you going to do then.