Melanoma vaccine to go on trial

Last updated 23:03 13/11/2008
David Hallett
EXPOSED: a child plays on a swing in bright sunlight. Without protection this raises the risk of skin cancer.

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Trials of a cutting-edge melanoma vaccine will begin in New Zealand next year as new research shows the country has the highest rate of the cancer in the world.

International experts will gather in Wellington today for the first melanoma summit to try to find ways to tackle New Zealand's massive cancer problem.

New research by melanoma specialist Richard Martin, of the Auckland-based New Zealand Melanoma Unit, has confirmed New Zealand's ranking as the worst nation for melanoma.

The skin cancer kills about 250 New Zealanders every year, and there are almost 2000 cases annually, mainly in older people.

Martin, who will present his research at a world conference next year, said New Zealand's high rates of melanoma were due to much of its population being fair-skinned but living in a Pacific country with harsh sun.

The ozone layer was thinner over New Zealand and a lack of pollution let through cancer-causing UV rays, Martin said.

Surgery was the only feasible option for people with melanoma, as chemotherapy and radiotherapy often proved ineffectual.

Martin said the race was on to develop an alternative treatment, most likely a vaccine designed to stimulate the body's immune system to fight the cancer.

International trials for a new melanoma vaccine would begin in January.

The New Zealand trials would be based at the melanoma unit in Auckland and would include participants from throughout New Zealand.

Martin hoped New Zealand researchers could also develop a vaccine soon.

Immunologist Ian Hermans, from Wellington's Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, has been involved in cancer-vaccines research for the past decade.

Studies had shown vaccines could make an impact, and in some people had caused the cancer to disappear.

The research was promising, but needed more testing in larger groups of patients, Hermans said.

The director of skin-cancer clinic Molecheck, Dr David Langford, of Christchurch, said there was a month's wait for services. Increased awareness meant more people were going to specialist clinics to get their skin checked.

This also meant more melanomas were being picked up, he said.

More New Zealanders were being diagnosed with thick, or well-developed melanomas, which more often proved fatal.

However, more than half of melanomas detected at Molecheck were thin, early-stage ones because its technology detected cancers under the skin.

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A co-chairman of today's melanoma summit, Associate Professor Graham Stevens, of Auckland Hospital, said it aimed to develop a collective understanding of solutions needed to reduce the country's increasing melanoma rates.

"Prevention is an important part of reducing melanoma rates but the health sector also needs to develop better systems and approaches to share more information to ensure consistently higher standards of care for those diagnosed," he said. 

Experts attending the summit include Professor John Thompson, director of Sydney's Melanoma Unit and a therapy world leader.

MELANOMA FACTS

Fourth most common cancer in New Zealand. Ninth most common cancer causing death. Nearly 2000 cases a year. 249 deaths in 2004 (152 men, 97 women). 70 per cent of cases in people over 50. Maori and Pacific Island people have lower chance of developing, but often have more serious cases.

- © Fairfax NZ News

24 comments
Tiger   #24   05:26 pm Jan 28 2009

RA said: "Wake up people! Do some reading and research into vaccination."

And what you will find is vaccines are very effective! Smallpox and polio are some clear examples.

There are a lot of conspiracy theorists out there (9/11, moon landings etc etc) and unfortunately sometimes these people also spread conspiracies about things that really matter, such as health.

RA asks people to read about vaccines. Great, we all should. Just make sure it is from a reputable source! Rubbish posted by unqualified conspiracy theorists on random websites or dubiously researched books is not reputable, they are usually by people who don't actually understand the science or statistics. And wow the conspiracy must be huge, everyone from doctors, researchers, government officials, world health organisation, unicef, charities in the 3rd world, etc etc must either be "in on it" or completely duped!

No doubt there are issues with the commercialisation of the drugs industry, but there are also benefits from the drug industry, and it isn't all just one big drug manufacturers con as you appear to think it is. Funny the conspiracy theorists are never the people who actually have to work with the diseases in the 3rd world. They are almost always people who can free-ride off the benefits of a vaccinated 1st world population.

If you are going to go around telling people that vaccines don't work you better make sure that you are right, as you are playing with people's health!!

Look for example what happened when people stopped taking the polio vaccine in parts of Nigeria. The local clerics banned polio vaccination and there was a dramatic rise in case of infection and subsequent paralysis due to false rumours about its negative effects.

http://www.paho.org/English/DD/PIN/Number22_article2.htm

The world health organisation started it's efforts at global polio eradication in 1988 when there were 350,000 cases worldwide. By 2007 there was about 1,000 cases worldwide. http://www.polioeradication.org/casecount.asp

Conspiracy theorist always claim the disease was in decline anyway, although they fail to account for the fact that disease dropped proportional to the drive for immunisation.

My aunty was one of the last people to get polio on NZ. Unfortunately she contracted it just before the vaccine arrived! If it had arrived earlier, she wouldn't be in a wheelchair like she still is today.

Isabelle   #23   05:26 pm Jan 28 2009

Cindy, the sun was worshipped for thousands of years as a God. It brings life to this Earth - without it, none of us would be here. It gives us the best protection we have against all kinds of cancer, lifts our spirits, prevents depression... it's not to be feared. Respected, certainly, and not taken for granted, but not feared as we're led to believe.

I'm also extremely pale-skinned, which is why care must be taken. If you burn in 15mins I'd suggest looking at your Vitamin B levels (all forms), as it gives you natural protection against skin damage from the sun, and getting your daily 15mins or so in several smaller doses. 5mins in the morning, 5 in the middle of the day, 5 in the evening, for example. Heading back towards the shade or covering up in clothes in between so as to not burn. Building up your tolerance from Spring/early Summer can also help, rather than running out full-force to sunbathe for a whole day in the middle of the summer when the sun's already roasting.

I do get moles checked, yes, as should anyone with them.

The problem here is that people don't understand moderation. Sunscreens are more carcinogenic than many other things around today, bar the few natural 'physical' sunscreens available (that have particles to block the sun, rather than chemicals to change the effect), and the skin is highly absorbant. Covering the skin in them, and then adding the radiation from the UV rays which often changes their structure and makes them more dangerous, makes little sense.

Nor does this 'vaccine' (which, as rightly pointed out, isn't a vaccine at all).

Fred   #22   05:26 pm Jan 28 2009

Why are people so paranoid about vaccines? How else was the likelihood of catching Smallpox, TB, Tetanus, Polio (to name a very few)eradicated? Opinion appears to be so medieval with regard to vaccination. It displays a distinct lack of scientific awareness and lack of knowledge with regard to just how much medical science has done to improve the lives of people over the course of the 20th and 21st centuries.

Cindy   #21   05:26 pm Jan 28 2009

I would like to note that as I come from a family who has had a large number people with melanoma I can say I welcome any help to stop this and/or any other cancer. I also understand the importance of sunsmart rules and have still been burnt. It is alot more unpleasant to have moles removed and be told you have skin cancer than to have a jab with a small percentage of side affects. I hope Isabelle and Kim that you have had your own moles checked and know that being sunsmart is not 100%. Vitamin D is good but alot of days you will burn in 15mins so maybe no a good idea! Also the Sun is something to fear 'Protect yourself or stay out of the sun.'

GS   #20   05:26 pm Jan 28 2009

Interesting that all these sufferers are saying there is no treatment etc. My mother has had melanoma's and has treated them with no chemicals or 'vaccines' and you know she's still around. The last melanoma she treated on herself was about 4 years ago on her face. She had one on her hand that the doc said he would have to cut out - but would damage her musical instrument hand (it was already curled up and stiff from the melanoma "roots"). So she treated it herself with a natural treatment, even felt it release like a root of a plant. 6 years later she is still here and going strong. All with the juice of a common garden plant...but no natural never works according to some people.

Eloise   #19   05:26 pm Jan 28 2009

Isabelle, you're totally off the mark in my view - polio is caused by a virus, not pesticides used ages ago, it still exists in parts of the world, even in communities that dont use pesticides incl rural africa where I would doubt there are many metal workshops. Modern vaccines offer a chance to totally irradicate this awful illness that leaves many children crippled for life, they are not poison they are the cure!

survivor   #18   05:26 pm Jan 28 2009

To #1 and #5 If you dont like it, dont take it! As someone who as been battling melanoma since 2006 I think I know what Im talking about when I say a vaccine would be literaly a life saver. Melanoma is a hell of a disease I dont know if i will be alive in a year, two ten...nobody knows. I will be trying to get on this trial.

ella42   #17   05:26 pm Jan 28 2009

Kim, try having a daughter who had her first basal cell removed at 14, - and this as a sun protected kid, no less - first melanoma removed at 16 and another at 21. Then tell me you would not take anything with both hands that might give her a chance to see out full adulthood.

DA   #16   05:26 pm Jan 28 2009

Melanoma is not an infectious disease, and will not neccesarily exhibit a decline in occurence, as some contagious diseases do. It can also occur a long time after exposure to the sun. There are a number of people out there who have already been exposed to the sun will develop Melanoma no matter how sunsmart they are from now on. These people need to have the best possible treatment options available to them, and if a vaccine offers this then bring it on.

Natural ain't always best. Cobra venom is a natural product and so is nicotine.

Anon   #15   05:26 pm Jan 28 2009

Kim , you obviously don't have a sibling dying from melanoma. I do and I find your comments annoying. If there is anything that can prevent other people suffering what my brother is going through then I'm all for it.


Show 1-14 of 24 comments
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