FPP - Let's not go back there

Last updated 14:26 21/10/2009

So we're getting another say on our electoral system. Several, in fact.

Next election there'll be a referendum on whether to keep MMP. If more than 50 per cent say it should be dumped, another referendum will be held in 2014 in the form of a runoff between MMP and whatever voters said was their preferred option in 2011. If that option wins, the replacement will be used from 2017.

Why are we doing this? Because National, for some reason that escapes me and probably the party, agreed during the election campaign to hold a referendum on MMP. It probably seemed like a good idea at the time, but sounds to me like an utter nightmare.

For starters, the Government has less than two years to prepare voters to consider alternative electoral systems. This is not a simple task. There are a great many people who still don't understand MMP, let alone any of the alternatives.

We don't yet even know what the alternatives are, although they are likely to include First Past the Post (the old system we dumped in 1993), Supplementary Member (which I don't understand but I think it's like MMP except with only one vote instead of two) and Single Transferable Vote.

Is MMP the best proportional system? I have to admit I don't know enough about all the alternatives. But it's a heck of a lot better than FPP.

I think Parliament is a far richer place for the presence of the smaller parties, and only a proportional system can deliver that.

I think we could address the concerns of some voters about MMP without throwing the entire system out. There are, as I see it, two major flaws with our MMP system:

1. MPs who get booted out of their electorates can come in through the "back door'' on the list. This could be stopped easily enough. MPs who hold an electorate seat and lose it at an election cannot come back via the list. Simple.

2. The 5 per cent threshold versus the electorate seat entry method. This is unfair. NZ First - while I was pleased to see the back of them - should be in Parliament before the ACT Party. NZ First got 4.3 percent of the vote and no seats. ACT got 3 per cent, and five seats - all because Rodney Hide won Epsom.

This should be changed. I'd lower the threshold to about 2 per cent and do away with the electorate seat method. Five per cent is too high, and I can't see why ACT should get more MPs just because it won an electorate.

This could be done without a referendum, of course, and I worry that what will happen is it will get hijacked by those unhappy with politicians and/or Parliament in general, rather than the electoral system itself.

I often hear people moan that the smaller parties "wag the dog'' in Parliament but in my opinion that's utter bunk. Virtually every small party that has propped up a government under MMP has gone into electoral oblivion.

Winston Peters may have captured more than his share of attention, but that was as much by the sheer force of his personality as the number of votes he commanded. And I think the Maori Party and ACT and United Future have actually been pretty responsible.

At the end of the day, there's also nothing wrong with the major parties having to compromise from time to time to win a majority.

We have a unicameral system in New Zealand - there's no protection from another chamber like most other democracies (Britain, the States, Australia).

The reason we ditched FPP in the first place was to find a check on the unbridled power FPP gave the bigger parties.

I really hope we don't go back there. 

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103 comments
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eddie   #1   02:34 pm Oct 21 2009

Rather than explaining all the In's and outs, pro's and con's of each different system....why not just tell the NZ public which one will result in less MP's in parliament, and/or no List MP's.

That'll get the votes, even if they don't know what they are voting for, they'll just remember 'less MP's with this one'

We have had MMP for 16yrs and most people still don't understand it, what chance have they of learing the others if more complicated.

I do agree that FPP is not the way to go.

Peter S   #2   02:44 pm Oct 21 2009

Looks as if the referenda are rigged in favor of the status quo.

When we got to vote on ditching FPP the vote went FPP or something else. If else, then choice between alternatives.

That was fair enough.

Now we have- Ditch MMP or not (choose alternative). IF ditch then vote between MMP and a the favoured alternative.

This means that MMP effectively has to be voted out in 2 referenda (unlike FPP).

Personally, the STV seems to be the best of the proportional systems, because it means that every MP has to be directly elected (even if it is on 2nd, 3rd or 4th choice votes), which makes each MP answerable to at least part of the electorate rather than to the Party that controls list positions.

From the last thread (apologies to any that read it already)

"Peter S #98 08:38 am Oct 21 2009 These two links illustrate the problem with MMP.

http://psychology.about.com/od/psychologicaltesting/f/genius-iq-score.htm

http://www.robertniles.com/stats/stdev.shtml

In the first link the first graph shows the bell graph of IQ. 1 Standard deviation covers 68% of the population (rated as average intelligence to above average IQ 85-129).

That means that 16% (the graph shows them on the left) are rated as mild to profound mental disability.

With a 5% threshold for political representation that means in theory 3 political parties.... Truly a case of the lunatics running the asylum."

I say raise the threshold to at least 20% just to protect us from lunacy.

christopher harris   #3   02:45 pm Oct 21 2009

WHAT ESPINER Fails to see is that a HUGE MAJORITY OF PEOPLE DISLIKE MMP for very good reasons,,we have seen the smacking law pushed through because labour wanted green support for their own agendas,and the electoral finance act which has been a disaster,,,what mmp is giving us is law by minority, and unelected minority,,,it cannot be sensible to allow 3/4%of voters via mmp via a minor party creating policy against a vast majorty who do not want these barmy laws passed,,,there has to be a better and fairer way

Alan Wilkinson   #4   02:46 pm Oct 21 2009

I agree with Colin except I would add to things that should be fixed, the overhang problem.

Probably the best way to fix it is to abolish the Maori seats. I see no reason the Maori Party can't survive on its own merits and constituency as do the other minor parties.

Mike   #5   02:46 pm Oct 21 2009

There is no system that does away with list MP's othe tyhan FPP - and that's worse IMO, so get used to them.

the MMP % threshold - IMO any party that gets more % vote than another party which gets an electorate should probably be in parliament - so, even though it chokes to think of Winnie the political princess being in parliament still, NZF should be there as they got a higher % than ACT.

Supplementary member proportional differs from MMP only in that both votes are independant of each other - one is a party vote, the other solely for your electorate. List MP's in SMP are elected from the part vote and regardless of the number of electorate MP's they get, whereas on MMP the number of list candidates elected depends upon the % of the party vote AND on the number of electorate candidates.

so in SMP both votes are worth something towards the makeup of Parliament, whereas in MMP only the Party vote is important.

Clare   #6   02:47 pm Oct 21 2009

While I think MMP is a far superior system to FPP and I like the diversity of parties in parliament, my main beef with the system is that there are far too many MPs now. I think if we had the 60 electorate MPs and a further 30 list MPs we'd have plenty. That's roughly equivalent to the number of MPs we had under FPP. List MPs are party bootlickers, not representatives of the people. At least constituency MPs are accountable to their electorates.

I don't want a referendum. I just want the worst aspects of MMP fixed.

Mr Been   #7   02:49 pm Oct 21 2009

With NACT, It's back to the 90s we go..

phil   #8   02:54 pm Oct 21 2009

I agree MMP should stay. The reasons we got rid of FPP are still as valid today as they were 16 years ago - it creates a massive upheaval in the political process each time there's a change of government. We spend more money on rebranding the stationary than on health, education etc. The other proprotional representation systems have their strengths, but I don't think they offer enough to warrant a change.

Mike   #9   02:57 pm Oct 21 2009

eddie #1 MMP is not hard to understand and it is democratic and representative - do we toss it out because people are to stupid to work it out? No... Why? Because that would be stupid to. And voting for a system because it has the least number of MPs is also stupid.

mick   #10   02:59 pm Oct 21 2009

Yeah - MMP is not perfect, but FPP was a sham, undemocratic and open to highjacking. Of course not everyone understands the workings of MMP, but then we have a country where lots of people don't know scrum laws, can't read cereal box instructions and don't know the name of the leader of the opposition.


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