Where all the birds flock by night

WORLD OF SCIENCE - BY BOB BROCKIE
Last updated 11:00 11/01/2010
Shag, seagull, sparrow, starling
TWEET RETREATS: Main image: shag. Inset, top to bottom: seagull, sparrow and starling.

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Where do the birds go at night? To answer this question we must divide birds into two kinds - solitary and sociable birds.

Blackbirds, thrushes and chaffinches are solitary birds. Each pair of them has a territory about the size of a tennis court and they spend their nights in their territories.

But starlings, seagulls and sparrows are sociable birds, always living within sight or sound of each other. They flock together into crowded overnight roosts.

Starlings

At dusk, Wellington's starlings fly from distant suburbs such as Khandallah and Karori to roost in the CBD. They roost in the trees in Midland Park and Lambton Quay, in pohutukawa near the railway station and the big tree outside the Wellington Club on the Terrace. As many as 5000 starlings roost in that tree in the winter, some flying all the way from Makara. There is another big roost on Gear Island at the mouth of the Hutt River, filled most nights with birds from Eastbourne, Wainuiomata, Hutt Valley and even from the Akatarawas. Island Bay starlings roost on Taputarenga Island and those from Titahi Bay and Plimmerton Inlet fly to Mana Island. Paraparaumu and Waikanae birds have been roosting on Tokomapuna (Aeroplane) Island since the 1920s. Starlings choose these islands because they are free of predatory tree-climbing rats.

Seagulls

Most of Wellington's big black- backed gulls spend the night on Matiu/Somes Island. At dawn they set off to scavenge in the Hutt Valley, Wainuiomata, Pencarrow Heads and around Wellington's coasts and rubbish tips. At dusk you see them wending their way back to the island, although about 2000 roost on warehouse roofs at Seaview. A few black-backs breed and roost on flat roofs in Wellington's Adelaide Rd, keeping the governor-general awake at nights. The black-backed gulls of Pukerua Bay and Pauatahanui fly to Mana Island for the night.

Shags

Wellington Harbour is home to two kinds of black shags - a larger and smaller black shag. If you're down on the wharf at dusk watch for little shags flying up to a great height, almost out of sight, then heading into the sunset and the Karori sanctuary. They roost in macrocarpas overhanging the lake there.

Sparrows

You might see sparrows in your garden by day but you won't see them there at night because nearly all fly to roost collectively in town. At dusk we see little groups of sparrows flying from Wellington suburbs into the CBD. Many spend the nights in trees along Lambton Quay and in Midland Park but in winter about 2000 share the Wellington Club pohutukawa with the starlings. Other sparrows crowd noisily into phoenix palms and bamboo bushes around the city.

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It always amazes me that these birds fly in the face of driving hail or fog to reach the CBD or remote islands but they must have done their cost/benefit analyses. During the day big concrete city buildings warm up in the sun and radiate the heat out at night. Half a degree can be a matter of life and death to a bird in winter.

- © Fairfax NZ News

48 comments
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KTPI   #48   02:10 pm Jan 12 2010

Great article - do more. Maybe one about the eels, inanga, or lizards. By the way, Lower Hutt's starlings also roost in the big Phoenix Palms opposite the Hutt Library and by the gym/riverbank.

Richard   #47   01:01 pm Jan 12 2010

An excellent informative article thanks Dompost.

There are also 100s of starlings that occupy the pohutukawa trees in the Michael Fowler Centre carpark in the CBD. And in Tawa the starlings seem to head for the overhead steelwork and transmission towers of the substation at the top of Takapu valley.

Diane Hughes   #46   11:06 am Jan 12 2010

Always interested to learn about my fine feathered friends - well sort of. As a bird phobic I feel reasonably attuned to bird activity. My theory is that if they stick to their knitting then I'll do likewise, ie natives in the bush - me in the city. Generally we muddle along okay, except for pigeons, magpies and the odd low flying sparrow. I knew about the mass gatherings at dusk in the CBD, but not sure where all the filthy pigeons go (presume most of them find ledges, nooks and crannies at night?). What I don't understand is why so many of them seem to have deformed feet? A friend (knowing my phobic ways) sent me a text the other day to say she had just seen a pigeon on Lambton Quay with no feet at all. Quite disgusting - what the heck happened there? My plea to the masses is: PLEASE STOP FEEDING THE PIGEONS. They're not cute, interesting or necessary and I don't want them flapping around my face while I'm trying to have a cuppa and a sandwhich.

Inky   #45   10:45 am Jan 12 2010

Thank you so much, this is a great article. Answers so many of the questions we've always had but thought nobody had ever bothered to find out the answers to. Wonderful!

Wally Woolly   #44   10:06 am Jan 12 2010

Sparrows doing a cost/benefit analysis! - Priceless!

My question is ...Where do birds go when they die? All the millions of birds and I would have thought the countryside would be littered with their deceased. Hardly seen one.

Peter Frost   #43   09:40 am Jan 12 2010

One other reason birds are thought to gather at roosts is that these serve effectively as points for the transfer of information about food sources, especially if these tend to be variable or short-lived. Of course, the information is not transferred in any deliberate way but passively, with those individuals that might have had a tough time finding food the previous day, watching where those that were more successful tend to go, then following them. If the food source proves insufficient to support the birds that go to it that day, then they may become the followers the next.

Moot   #42   09:24 am Jan 12 2010

Great journalism! This article was not only refreshing, but it also carries a whole lot more research and actuality compared to most of the news on the front pages nowadays. To the author: if your childhood dream was to become a reporter or journalist, congratulations I think you have achieved it :) :) Unlike some paraphrasers from AP News items who pretend to be real reporters.

Anna   #41   12:33 am Jan 12 2010

Love this article. To some it may be boring, but I think it's fascinating, and a welcome change to reading of all the awful things happening around the country. Thanks.

Jen   #40   11:59 pm Jan 11 2010

Thanks for such a cool article. Wish more journalists would write about their natural, immediate environment

Deemac   #39   11:25 pm Jan 11 2010

love the native birds and blackbirds but the flocks of starlings are a pest. They make an awful mess where they roost. Wish there was a way to get rid of them without harming beneficial birds!


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